B.Pharmacy 2nd semester Environmental Sciences notes cover the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies, renewable and non-renewable natural resources, ecosystems, and environmental pollution. The syllabus explains forest, water, mineral, food, energy, and land resources, ecosystem structure and functions, and major types of pollution including air, water, and soil, with emphasis on conservation and environmental protection.

Environmental Sciences Overview
| Bachelor of Pharmacy | |||||||
| Semester | 2nd Semester | Subject | Environmental Sciences | ||||
| Syllabus | |||||||
| Unit 1st | The Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies Natural Resources Renewable and non-renewable resources: Natural resources and associated problems a) Forest resources; b) Water resources; c) Mineral resources; d) Food resources; e) Energy resources; f) Land resources: Role of an individual in the conservation of natural resources. | ||||||
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| Unit 2nd | Ecosystems Concept of an ecosystem. Structure and function of an ecosystem. Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of The ecosystems: Forest ecosystem; Grassland ecosystem; Desert ecosystem, and Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) | ||||||
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| Unit 3rd | Environmental Pollution: Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution | ||||||
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Unit Summary
This course introduces the multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies and the importance of natural resources in sustaining life. It explains renewable and non-renewable resources such as forests, water, minerals, food, energy, and land, along with associated environmental problems and the role of individuals in conservation. The syllabus covers the concept, structure, and functioning of ecosystems, including forest, grassland, desert, and aquatic ecosystems. It also highlights major environmental pollution issues such as air, water, and soil pollution and their impact on the environment and human health.
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