Medicinal Chemistry–II B.Pharmacy 5th Semester

Medicinal Chemistry–II notes for B.Pharmacy 5th semester cover cardiovascular, CNS, endocrine, and chemotherapeutic drugs with their classification, chemical structures, synthesis, mechanisms of action, SAR, metabolism, and therapeutic uses. These notes help pharmacy students understand drug design principles and the clinical relevance of medicinal chemistry in modern pharmaceutical practice.

Bachelor of Pharmacy
Semester		5th Semester		Subject		Medicinal Chemistry–II
Syllabus
Unit 1st	Antihistaminic agents: Histamine, receptors and their distribution in the human body H1-antagonists: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, Dimenhydrinate, Doxylamine succinate, Clemastine fumarate, Diphenylpyraline hydrochloride, Tripelennamine hydrochloride, Chlorcyclizine hydrochloride, Meclizine hydrochloride, Buclizine hydrochloride, Chlorpheniramine maleate, Triprolidine hydrochloride, Phenindamine tartrate, Promethazine hydrochloride, Trimeprazine tartrate, Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, Azatidine maleate, Astemizole, Loratadine, Cetirizine, Levocetirizine Cromolyn sodium H2-antagonists: cimetidine, famotidine, and ranitidine. Gastric proton pump inhibitors: Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole Antineoplastic agents: Alkylating agents: Meclorethamine*, Cyclophosphamide, Melphalan, Chlorambucil, Busulfan, Thiotepa Antimetabolites: Mercaptopurine, Thioguanine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Cytarabine, Methotrexate, Azathioprine Antibiotics: Dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and bleomycin Plant products: Etoposide, vinblastine sulphate, vincristine sulphate Miscellaneous: Cisplatin, Mitotane.
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Unit 2nd	Anti-anginal: Vasodilators: Amyl nitrite, nitroglycerin, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, isosorbide dinitrite, dipyridamole. Calcium channel blockers: Verapamil, Bepridil hydrochloride, Diltiazem hydrochloride, nifedipine, amlodipine, felodipine, nicardipine, and nimodipine. Diuretics: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: acetazolamide, methazolamide, and dichlorphenamide. Thiazides: Chlorthiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Hydroflumethiazide, Cyclothiazide, Loop diuretics: Furosemide,Bumetanide, Ethacrynicacid. Potassium sparing Diuretics: Spironolactone, Triamterene, Amiloride. Osmotic Diuretics: Mannitol Anti-hypertensive Agents: Timolol, Captopril, Lisinopril, Enalapril, Benazepril hydrochloride, Quinapril hydrochloride, Methyldopate hydrochloride, Clonidine hydrochloride, Guanethidine monosulphate, Guanabenz acetate, Sodium nitroprusside, Diazoxide, Minoxidil, Reserpine, Hydralazine hydrochloride.
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Unit 3rd	Anti-arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine sulphate, Procainamide hydrochloride, Disopyramide phosphate, Phenytoin sodium, Lidocaine hydrochloride, Tocainide hydrochloride, Mexiletine hydrochloride, Lorcainide hydrochloride, Amiodarone,Sotalol. Anti-hyperlipidaemic agents: Clofibrate, Lovastatin, Cholesteramine and Cholestipol Coagulants & Anticoagulants: Menadione, Acetomenadione, Warfarin, Anisindione,clopidogrel Drugs used in Congestive Heart Failure: Digoxin, Digitoxin, Nesiritide, Bosentan,Tezosentan.
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Unit 4th	Drugs acting on Endocrine system Nomenclature, Stereochemistry and metabolism of steroids Sex hormones: Testosterone, Nandralone, Progestrones, Oestriol, Oestradiol, Oestrione, Diethylstilbestrol. Drugs for erectile dysfunction: Sildenafil, Tadalafil. Oral contraceptives: Mifepristone, Norgestril, Levonorgestrol Corticosteroids: Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Betamethasone, Dexamethasone Thyroid and antithyroid drugs: L-Thyroxine, L-Thyronine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole.
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Unit 5th	Antidiabetic agents: Insulin and its preparations Sulfonylureas: Tolbutamide, Chlorpropamide, Glipizide, Glimepiride. Biguanides: Metformin. Thiazolidinediones: Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone. Meglitinides: Repaglinide, Nateglinide. Glucosidase inhibitors: Acrabose, Voglibose. Local Anaesthetics: SAR of Local Anaesthetics Benzoic Acid derivatives; Cocaine,Hexylcaine,Meprylcaine,Cyclomethycaine, Piperocaine. AminoBenzoic acid derivatives: Benzocaine, Butamben, Procaine, Butacaine, Propoxycaine, Tetracaine, Benoxinate. Lidocaine/Anilide Derivatives: Lignocaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine, Etidocaine. Miscellaneous: Phenacaine, Diperodon, Dibucaine.
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Medicinal Chemistry–II focuses on the chemistry and pharmacological aspects of important therapeutic agents. It covers drugs acting on the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, endocrine system, and chemotherapeutic agents, including their classification, chemical structures, synthesis, mechanisms of action, SAR, metabolism, and clinical uses. The subject builds a strong foundation for understanding rational drug design and therapeutic applications.

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