Medicinal Chemistry II B.Pharm 5th Semester Unit 4 notes on endocrine drugs covering steroids, sex hormones, erectile dysfunction drugs, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, thyroid, and antithyroid drugs. Medicinal Chemistry of endocrine drugs focuses on the chemical structure, stereochemistry, metabolism, and pharmacological actions of hormones and related synthetic drugs. These drugs regulate physiological functions and treat endocrine disorders.
Medicinal Chemistry Unit 4 Overview
| Bachelor of Pharmacy | |||||||
| Semester | 5th Semester | Subject | Medicinal Chemistry II | ||||
| Syllabus | |||||||
| Unit 4th | Drugs acting on Endocrinesystem Nomenclature, Stereochemistry and metabolism of steroids Sex hormones: Testosterone, Nandralone, Progestrones, Oestriol, Oestradiol, Oestrione, Diethylstilbestrol. Drugsfor erectile dysfunction: Sildenafil, Tadalafil. Oralcontraceptives: Mifepristone, Norgestril, Levonorgestrol Corticosteroids: Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Betamethasone, Dexamethasone Thyroid and antithyroid drugs: L-Thyroxine, L-Thyronine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole | ||||||
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Nomenclature
- Nomenclature: Based on cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure.
- Stereochemistry: Orientation of substituents (alpha/beta) affects activity.
- Metabolism: Primarily in liver; includes oxidation, reduction, conjugation, and excretion in urine or bile.
Sex Hormones
Testosterone
- Natural androgen, responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics.
- Metabolism: Converted to DHT (active) and estradiol (via aromatase).
Nandrolone
- Synthetic anabolic steroid.
- Used for anemia, osteoporosis, and muscle wasting.
Progestogens
- Progesterone: Maintains pregnancy, regulates menstrual cycle.
- Medroxyprogesterone, Norgestrel, Levonorgestrel: Synthetic derivatives, used as contraceptives.
Oestrogens
- Estriol, Estradiol, Estrone: Female sex hormones regulating reproductive system.
- Diethylstilbestrol (DES): Synthetic non-steroidal estrogen.
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