B Pharmacy Unit 5 Pharmaceutical Analysis 1st Semester Notes

B.Pharmacy 1st semester Pharmaceutical Analysis Unit 5 notes focus on electrochemical methods of analysis used in pharmaceutical sciences. This unit covers conductometry, including conductivity cells, conductometric titrations, and their applications. It also explains potentiometry with construction and working of reference and indicator electrodes such as standard hydrogen, calomel, silver chloride, metal, and glass electrodes, along with methods for end point determination. Polarography is discussed with its principle, Ilkovic equation, dropping mercury electrode, rotating platinum electrode, and pharmaceutical applications.

Bachelor of Pharmacy
Semester		1st Semester		Subject		Pharmaceutical Analysis
Syllabus
Unit 5th	Electrochemical methods of analysis Conductometry – Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications. Potentiometry – Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications. Polarography – Principle, Ilkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications

Electrochemical methods involve the study of chemical systems using electrical measurements. These techniques are useful for the analysis of electrolytes, ionic drugs, and substances that participate in redox reactions. Compared to classical methods, electrochemical techniques offer higher accuracy, rapid analysis, and minimal sample preparation. They are commonly used in assay, purity testing, and stability studies of pharmaceutical products.

Conductometry

Conductometry is an electrochemical technique that measures the electrical conductivity of a solution. Conductivity depends on the number of ions present and their mobility in the solution. As a chemical reaction progresses, the ionic concentration changes, resulting in a change in conductivity.

Potentiometry

Potentiometry is based on the measurement of electrode potential without drawing significant current from the system. The potential difference between a reference electrode and an indicator electrode is measured to determine the concentration of an analyte.

SYLLABUS

B.Pharmacy 1st semester Pharmaceutical Analysis Unit 5 focuses on electrochemical methods including conductometry, potentiometry, and polarography. The unit explains electrodes, conductivity cells, titration end points, Ilkovic equation, and pharmaceutical applications for accurate drug analysis.

• First of all visit the website carewellpharma.shop
• And then select the subject
• After that select semester in B.Pharma
• After that you will get the download button, save it from there.

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