Unit-2 Environmental Science notes for B.Pharmacy 2nd semester focus on ecosystems and their role in environmental balance. The syllabus covers the concept, structure, and functions of ecosystems, including forest, grassland, desert, and aquatic ecosystems. It explains characteristic features, energy flow, and ecological interactions in ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, and estuaries.

Unit 2 Environmental Science Overview
| Bachelor of Pharmacy | |||||||
| Semester | 2nd Semester | Subject | Environmental Science | ||||
| Syllabus | |||||||
| Unit 2nd | Ecosystems Concept of an ecosystem. Structure and function of an ecosystem. Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of The ecosystems: Forest ecosystem; Grassland ecosystem; Desert ecosystem, and Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) | ||||||
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Unit 2 Summary
This unit explains the concept of an ecosystem and its importance in maintaining environmental balance. It covers the structure and functions of ecosystems, including biotic and abiotic components and their interactions. The unit introduces different types of ecosystems such as forest, grassland, desert, and aquatic ecosystems. It describes their characteristic features, structure, and functions in ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, and estuaries, highlighting energy flow and ecological relationships.
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